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Scientists from the Indian Institute of Science (IISc) and the California Institute of Technology (Caltech) have finally solved a long-standing puzzle about the earliest moments of photosynthesis — the vital process through which plants, algae, and certain bacteria capture sunlight to generate oxygen and energy-rich compounds. Their research reveals why the first movements of electrons,…

Researchers from the Statewide California Earthquake Center at USC Dornsife are warning that extremely fast and powerful earthquakes could strike California and are calling for tougher building standards and improved fault monitoring. Most residents of the state are accustomed to the idea of earthquakes, but scientists say a particularly dangerous type has been largely ignored:…

During a warmer stretch of the Middle Pleistocene, early humans living in what is now Italy regularly butchered elephants for both food and usable materials, according to a study published October 8, 2025, in the open-access journal PLOS One by Beniamino Mecozzi of Sapienza University of Rome (Italy) and his research team. Early humans often…

Between October 1 and 7, ESA’s ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter (TGO) and Mars Express spacecraft turned their instruments toward interstellar comet 3I/ATLAS as it passed near Mars. Of all ESA spacecraft, the two Mars orbiters had the best view of this rare visitor. During its closest approach to the Red Planet on October 3, the…

When astronauts touch down near the moon’s south pole in the coming years as part of NASA’s Artemis program, they may discover a remarkable archive of clues about how the moon was born. That possibility comes from new research led by Jeffrey Andrews-Hanna, a planetary scientist at the University of Arizona. The study, published Oct….

Earth is lucky to have a magnetic field that shields the planet — and everything living on it — from dangerous cosmic radiation. Without this invisible barrier, Earth would be exposed to the same constant stream of charged particles that bombards other planets in our solar system, such as Mars, making life there far more…

Once connected stretches of land, now hidden beneath the sea, may have given early humans a way to move between what is today Türkiye and Europe, according to groundbreaking new research in this little-studied region. The study, recently published in the peer-reviewed Journal of Island and Coastal Archaeology, reveals the first evidence of Paleolithic activity…